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CCUS - Decarbonization option for Singapore manufacturing


IPCC 2005 special report on CCUS
Source : IPCC 2005 special report on carbon capture and storage

CCUS presentation slides

Section D Carbon Capture and Sequestration from Vision 2050 report


350 Singapore presents a brief overview of Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCUS) as part of the 2019 NCCS public consultation feedback on reducing Singapore's greenhouse emissions.


CCUS is the technique of burning fossil fuels in a way that does not contribute to greenhouse gas accumulation in the atmosphere by capturing the carbon dioxide and sequestering it in a long term storage location.


Of Singapore's greenhouse gas inventory 60% is from manufacturing. 6.5% of Singapore's GDP can be attributed to the petrochemical industry on Jurong and Bukom Island and employs up to 25,000 workers directly and indirectly. Business-as-usual for Singapore means identifying solutions that would have the least disruptive impact to the people from these industries. CCUS offers a bridge technological solution for transitioning these industries long term while meeting Paris Agreement targets in the short term. Based on literature sources CCUS may be a cost-effective solution for carbon price in the range of USD $40-80/ton CO2.


In Singapore climate change is often referred to as a “wicked” problem. Any city which is fully responsible for reducing its own emissions will be faced with the difficult challenge of a decarbonization pathway that is both land and cost efficient and minimally disruptive to BAU. The most cost effective solutions often require large land areas. For cities like Singapore which are land constrained, leveraging land based solutions will inevitably involve more interdependency on neighboring countries, which may be difficult to achieve at the speed required given historical track record on regional diplomatic cooperation. Without these land based solutions, the city may be faced with the uncomfortable choice of compromises between costs, autonomy and minimal disruption to business-as-usual.


References

Aaron, Douglas, 2011 Separation of CO2 from flue gas - a review

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1081/SS-200042244

De Lucia, EH, 1999 Net Primary Production of a Forest Ecosystem with Experimental CO2 Enrichment

Doctor, RH, 2001 Transporting carbon dioxide recovered from fossil fuel energy cycles

Hawken, Paul, 2014 Project Drawdown

Herzog, H.J., 2000 Economics of carbon capture

Holloway, Sam, 2001 Storage of fossil fuel derived carbon dioxide beneath the surface of the earth

House, K.Z. 2009 Energy penalty of post combustion CO2 capture

IPCC, 2010 Special Report on Carbon Capture and Sequestration

MIT - Sleipner West gas field case study, Accessed 22 Sep 2019

https://sequestration.mit.edu/tools/projects/sleipner.html


Nabuurs, G.J. 2001 Carbon profiles of typical forest types across Europe assessed with CO2FIX

Oelkers 2008 carbon dioxide sequestration - a solution to a global problem

Peng, 2012 Analysis of the Thermal Efficiency Limit of the Steam Methane Reforming Process

Rackley, Stephen A, 2010 "Ocean Storage", Carbon Capture and Storage

Yildirim M, 2009 Kinetics of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) Precipitation from a Icel‐Yavca Dolomite Leach Solution by a Gas (Carbon Dioxide)/Liquid Reaction

Zhang Y, 2014 Energy consumption analysis for CO2 separation from gas

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